Building ASP.NET MVC3 Applications
 |
| ASP.NET MVC3 |
Welcome Back, today we gonna build a simple MVC application using ASP.net MVC3 template. The tutorial does not intend to teach you ASP.net MVC3 framework. There are so many resources on the internet that might help you getting started with this technology. So we focus on building a simple application using models, views, controllers, filters and other ASP.net specific things. Remember MVC is a design pattern and it can also be implemented in other programing languages like PHP.
Final result
Download Project
1. Creating New Project
2. Folder Structure
3. Changing the default controller.
You can change the default controller in Global.asax file by specifying the controller name and action method.
4. Adding Dojo files
We are using Dojo data grid for displaying data records. Therefore please download Dojo latest version and include them in Scripts folder.
5. Creating Book Modal
Right click on Models -> Add -> Class
Book.cs
[sourcecode language="csharp"]
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
namespace BooksApp.Models
{
public class Book
{
public int Id { get; set; }
[Required]
public string Name { get; set; }
[Required]
public string Author { get; set; }
[Required]
public float Price { get; set; }
}
}
[/sourcecode]
6. Creating BookFacade classFor a real application database operations can be placed in this class. For the sake of simplicity we omit mapping entity to database.
Right click on Models -> Add -> Class
BookFacade.cs
[sourcecode language="csharp"]
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using BooksApp.Models;
namespace BooksApp.Facade
{
public class BookFacade
{
public static List<Book> bookList { get; set; }
public static List<Book> GetBookList()
{
if (bookList == null)
{
bookList = new List<Book>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
bookList.Add(new Book {Id = i, Name = "Book " + i, Author = "Author " + i, Price = i * 20 });
}
}
return bookList;
}
public static Book FindBook(int id)
{
var bookList = GetBookList();
return bookList.Find(x => x.Id == id);
}
public static void Add(Book book)
{
var bookList = GetBookList();
book.Id = bookList.Max(x => x.Id) + 1;
bookList.Add(book);
}
public static void Delete(int id)
{
var bookList = GetBookList();
Book book = bookList.Find(x => x.Id == id);
bookList.Remove(book);
}
}
}
[/sourcecode]
7. Creating BookController
Right click on Controllers-> Add -> Controller
BookController
[sourcecode language="csharp"]
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using BooksApp.Models;
using BooksApp.Facade;
using BooksApp.Filters;
namespace BooksApp.Controllers
{
public class BookController : Controller
{
//
// GET: /Book/
public ActionResult Index()
{
return View();
}
public ActionResult Create()
{
return View();
}
[AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Post)]
public ActionResult Create(Book book)
{
if (book.Name.Length < 5)
{
ModelState.AddModelError("Book name", "Book name should have five or more characters.");
}
if (!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return View("Create",book);
}
BookFacade.Add(book);
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}
public ActionResult GetData(int id)
{
Book book = BookFacade.FindBook(id);
return View(book);
}
[RightChecker(AllowedBookIds = "5,6,7")]
public ActionResult Delete(int id)
{
Book book = BookFacade.FindBook(id);
if (book != null)
{
BookFacade.Delete(id);
}
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}
/////////////////////////AJAX/////////////////////////////
public ActionResult GetJSON()
{
return Json(BookFacade.GetBookList(), JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
}
public ActionResult Ajax()
{
return View();
}
[AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Post)]
public ActionResult Create_AJAX(Book book)
{
BookFacade.Add(book);
return new EmptyResult();
}
}
}
[/sourcecode]
Adding views
8. Adding Create View
[sourcecode anguage="csharp"]
<%@ Page Language="C#" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage<BooksApp.Models.Book>" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head runat="server">
<title>Create</title>
</head>
<body>
<script src="<%: Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery-1.5.1.min.js") %>" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="<%: Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js") %>" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="<%: Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js") %>" type="text/javascript"></script>
<% using (Html.BeginForm("Create","Book")) { %>
<%: Html.ValidationSummary(true) %>
<fieldset>
<legend>Book</legend>
<div>
<%: Html.LabelFor(model => model.Name) %>
</div>
<div>
<%: Html.EditorFor(model => model.Name) %>
<%: Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Name) %>
</div>
<div>
<%: Html.LabelFor(model => model.Author) %>
</div>
<div>
<%: Html.EditorFor(model => model.Author) %>
<%: Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Author) %>
</div>
<div>
<%: Html.LabelFor(model => model.Price) %>
</div>
<div>
<%: Html.EditorFor(model => model.Price)%>
<%: Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Price)%>
</div>
<p>
<input type="submit" value="Create" />
</p>
</fieldset>
<% } %>
<div>
<%: Html.ActionLink("Back to List", "Index") %>
</div>
</body>
</html>
[/sourcecode]
9. Adding GetData View
[sourcecode language="csharp"]
<%@ Page Language="C#" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage<BooksApp.Models.Book>" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head runat="server">
<title>Book Details</title>
</head>
<body>
<fieldset>
<legend>Book</legend>
<div>Name</div>
<div>
<%: Html.DisplayFor(model => model.Name) %>
</div>
<div>Author</div>
<div>
<%: Html.DisplayFor(model => model.Author) %>
</div>
<div>Price</div>
<div>
<%: Html.DisplayFor(model => model.Price) %>
</div>
</fieldset>
<p>
<%: Html.ActionLink("Edit", "Edit", new { id=Model.Id }) %> |
<%: Html.ActionLink("Back to List", "Index") %>
</p>
</body>
</html>
[/sourcecode]
10. Adding Index View
[sourcecode language="csharp"]
<%@ Page Language="C#" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage<dynamic>" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head runat="server">
<title>Index</title>
<style type="text/css">
@import "../../Scripts/dojo/dijit/themes/dijit.css";
@import "../../Scripts/dojo/dojox/grid/resources/Grid.css";
@import "../../Scripts/dojo/dojox/grid/resources/tundraGrid.css";
@import "../../Scripts/dojo/dijit/themes/tundra/tundra.css";
</style>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../Scripts/dojo/dojo/dojo.js"
djconfig="isDebug:false, debugAtAllCosts:false"></script>
<script src="../../Scripts/dojo/dijit/dijit.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
dojo.require("dojox.grid.DataGrid");
dojo.require("dojo.data.ItemFileWriteStore");
dojo.ready(function () {
DisplayAll();
});
function DisplayAll() {
var that = this;
// The parameters to pass to xhrGet, the url, how to handle it, and the callbacks.
var xhrArgs = {
url: "../Book/GetJSON",
handleAs: "json",
preventCache: true,
load: function (data, ioargs) {
that.PopulateGrid(data); //This will populate the grid
},
error: function (error, ioargs) {
alert(ioargs.xhr.status);
}
}
// Call the asynchronous xhrGet
dojo.xhrGet(xhrArgs);
}
function PopulateGrid(store) {
var jsonString = "{identifier: \"Id\", items: " + dojo.toJson(store) + "}"; //Creates the Json data that supports the grid structure. The identifier value should be unique or errors will be thrown
var dataStore = new dojo.data.ItemFileReadStore({ data: dojo.fromJson(jsonString) }); //Converts it back to an object and set it as the store
/*set up layout of the grid that will be columns*/
var gridStructure = [
{ field: 'Id', name: 'Book Id', styles: 'text-align: center;', width: 20 },
{ field: 'Name', name: 'Name', width: 20 },
{ field: 'Author', name: 'Author', width: 20 },
{ field: 'Price', name: 'Price', width: 30} //"field" matches to the JSON objects field
];
/*create a new grid:*/
var bookGrid = dijit.byId('gridS');
if (bookGrid == null) { //Only create a grid if there grid already created
var grid = new dojox.grid.DataGrid({
id: 'gridS',
store: dataStore,
structure: gridStructure,
rowSelector: '30px',
height: '300px'
},
"gridDivTag"); //The div tag that is used to place the grid
/*Call startup() to render the grid*/
grid.startup();
}
else {
bookGrid._refresh();
bookGrid.setStore(dataStore); //Setting the new datastore after entering new data
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<h1>Welcome to Book Management Section</h1>
<% //HtmlAnchor %>
<div id="gridDivTag"></div>
<br /><br />
<%: Html.ActionLink("Add New", "Create") %>
<%: Html.ActionLink("Ajax Call", "Ajax") %>
</div>
</body>
</html>
[/sourcecode]
11. Adding AJAX ViewI wanna create this view just to demonstrate AJAX operations with ASP.NET MVC3
[sourcecode language="csharp"]
<%@ Page Language="C#" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage<dynamic>" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head id="Head1" runat="server">
<title>Ajax</title>
<style type="text/css">
@import "../../Scripts/dojo/dijit/themes/dijit.css";
@import "../../Scripts/dojo/dojox/grid/resources/Grid.css";
@import "../../Scripts/dojo/dojox/grid/resources/tundraGrid.css";
@import "../../Scripts/dojo/dijit/themes/tundra/tundra.css";
.style1
{
width: 134px;
}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../Scripts/dojo/dojo/dojo.js" djconfig="isDebug:false, debugAtAllCosts:false"></script>
<script src="../../Scripts/dojo/dijit/dijit.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
dojo.require("dojox.grid.DataGrid");
dojo.require("dojo.data.ItemFileWriteStore");
dojo.ready(function () {
DisplayAll();
});
function book() {
this.Name = dojo.byId("name").value;
this.Author = dojo.byId("author").value;
this.Price = dojo.byId("price").value;
}
function addBook_post() {
var bookObj = new book();
var xhrArgs = {
url: "../Book/Create_AJAX",
headers: { //Adding the request headers
"Content-Type": "application/json; charset=utf-8" // This is important to model bind to the server
},
postData: dojo.toJson(bookObj, true), //Converting the object in to Json to be sent the action method
handleAs: "json",
load: function (data) {
DisplayAll();
},
error: function (error) {
alert('error');
}
}
dojo.xhrPost(xhrArgs);
}
function DisplayAll() {
var that = this;
// The parameters to pass to xhrGet, the url, how to handle it, and the callbacks.
var xhrArgs = {
url: "../Book/GetJSON",
handleAs: "json",
preventCache: true,
load: function (data, ioargs) {
that.PopulateGrid(data); //This will populate the grid
},
error: function (error, ioargs) {
alert(ioargs.xhr.status);
}
}
// Call the asynchronous xhrGet
dojo.xhrGet(xhrArgs);
}
function PopulateGrid(store) {
var jsonString = "{identifier: \"Id\", items: " + dojo.toJson(store) + "}"; //Creates the Json data that supports the grid structure. The identifier value should be unique or errors will be thrown
var dataStore = new dojo.data.ItemFileReadStore({ data: dojo.fromJson(jsonString) }); //Converts it back to an object and set it as the store
/*set up layout of the grid that will be columns*/
var gridStructure = [
{ field: 'Id', name: 'Book Id', styles: 'text-align: center;', width: 20 },
{ field: 'Name', name: 'Name', width: 20 },
{ field: 'Author', name: 'Author', width: 20 },
{ field: 'Price', name: 'Price', width: 30} //"field" matches to the JSON objects field
];
/*create a new grid:*/
var bookGrid = dijit.byId('gridS');
if (bookGrid == null) { //Only create a grid if there grid already created
var grid = new dojox.grid.DataGrid({
id: 'gridS',
store: dataStore,
structure: gridStructure,
rowSelector: '30px',
height: '300px'
},
"gridDivTag"); //The div tag that is used to place the grid
/*Call startup() to render the grid*/
grid.startup();
}
else {
bookGrid._refresh();
bookGrid.setStore(dataStore); //Setting the new datastore after entering new data
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body >
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<h1>Welcome to Book Management Section</h1>
<div id="gridDivTag"></div>
<br /><br />
<table style="width: 400px;">
<caption>
Add New Book</caption>
<tr>
<td>
Name</td>
<td>
<input id="name" type="text" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Author</td>
<td>
<input id="author" type="text" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Price</td>
<td>
<input id="price" type="text" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
</td>
<td>
<input id="add_post" type="submit" value="Add Via Post" onclick="addBook_post()" />
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br /><br />
<%: Html.ActionLink("Add New", "Create") %> <%: Html.ActionLink("Ajax Call", "Ajax") %>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
[/sourcecode]
Sample testing links
http://localhost:3616/
http://localhost:3616/Book/Create
http://localhost:3616/Book/Ajax
http://localhost:3616/Book/GetData/1
http://localhost:3616/Book/GetJSON
Obviously port number may change according to your environment.
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